Graphic Design Movements Throughout History

Table Of Content

• Charles and Ray Eames: Objects and Furniture Design
• present: Post Modern Design
• Bauhaus building in Dessau, Germany
• 1914: Arts and Crafts Movement
• Streamline Moderne
• How to use principles of Suprematism for modern businesses
• How to use principles of Pop Art for modern businesses
• Creative & Inspiring Earth Day Poster Ideas

Therefore, the neon light, the sole light source in the room, reflects and colors, or "paints," the room in the soft blue light. The walls appear to recede as the viewer moves toward the wall, and the form of the neon square, its diffused light casting no edges or shadows, seems always on the verge of dematerializing. One can almost imagine the interior space of the square as a portal to another dimension. Typical of the Light and Space artists, the work's emphasis is the experience of perception, rather than the object itself. By altering the entirety of the space it inhabits, the artwork was an early example of the immersive environments pioneered by Wheeler and other Light and Space artists. As art critic and curator John Coplans wrote, his "primary aim...is to reshape or change the spectator's perception of the seen world. In short, [his] medium is not light or new materials or technology, but perception."

Charles and Ray Eames: Objects and Furniture Design

The reference to the past and some of its revolutionary ideas gives depth to the piece. At times, the past may be on purposely challenged by new and progressive thoughts that are in constant demand. We've put these in chronological order, with the examples on page 2 and page 3 most relevant to graphic designers, and those on this page and page 2 likely to inspire more artists and illustrators. Use the quick links menu to jump straight to the section you'd like to explore first, or scroll on to read them in order. First, we see how cleanly the labels we can apply to the different categories of artistic and design movements slot into place.

present: Post Modern Design

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Bauhaus building in Dessau, Germany

In one particular poster from 1983, he built the last name of Postmodernist architect Michael Graves out of geometric forms that allude to the shapes, patterns and textures found in Graves' buildings. The following is an alphabetically ordered list of major art and design movements that took place during the 20th century. A “movement” is a style or prevailing inclination in art or design that upholds a specific philosophy or ideal and is followed and promoted by a group of artists for a defined period of time. Designed in 1955 to complete his Tulip dining table, the classic Tulip chair has an unmistakably 'space age' vibe, and features the distinctive smooth curves and experimental materials characteristic of mid-century modern design. The opportunities of the postwar boom in the freedom of Los Angeles allowed architects ranging from John Lautner to Richard Neutra full rein in a new phase of Modernism. But as widely publicized as were Lautner’s Silvertop, or the series of Case Study houses sponsored by Arts and Architecture magazine, or other high art buildings, they were only a fraction of the architecture that filled tracts and lined commercial strips.

Generating enthusiasts in the decorative and graphic arts and architecture throughout Europe and beyond, Art Nouveau appeared in a wide variety of strands, and, consequently, it is known by various names, such as the Glasgow Style, or, in the German-speaking world, Jugendstil. Art Nouveau was aimed at modernizing design, seeking to escape the eclectic historical styles that had previously been popular. Artists drew inspiration from both organic and geometric forms, evolving elegant designs that united flowing, natural forms resembling the stems and blossoms of plants. The emphasis on linear contours took precedence over color, which was usually represented with hues such as muted greens, browns, yellows, and blues. The movement was committed to abolishing the traditional hierarchy of the arts, which viewed the so-called liberal arts, such as painting and sculpture, as superior to craft-based decorative arts.

Streamline Moderne

He then traveled through Europe and North Africa for two years before returning to Los Angeles. Upon his return, Irwin briefly taught at Chouinard, becoming an important early influence for numerous young artists, including Larry Bell and Ed Ruscha. Moholy-Nagy also created sculptures such as his kinetic light and motion machines called “light modulators,” and abstract, geometrical paintings.

At the same time, the development of Russian Constructivism in the 1910s provided a more immediate and stylistically apposite precedent for the Bauhaus's merging of artistic and technical design. In addition to the graphic and visual arts, any serious discussion of Art Nouveau must consider architecture and the vast influence this had on European culture. The French ceramicist Alexandre Bigot, for example, made his name largely through the production of terracotta ornament for the facades and fireplaces of Parisian residences and apartment buildings. Other Art Nouveau structures, particularly in France and Belgium (Hector Guimard and Victor Horta were important practitioners), show off the technological possibilities of an iron structure joined by glass panels. Antoni Gaudi, the foremost architect of Catalan Modernisme, may be best-known for his work on the still-unfinished Expiatory Church of the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, but his signature designs can be seen in dozens of buildings throughout the city. One of the last projects that Gaudi, a devout Catholic, undertook before devoting himself entirely to the Sagrada Familia in 1914 was a speculative hillside suburban community for his chief patron, the textile magnate Eusebi Guell.

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How to use principles of Pop Art for modern businesses

But it seems to me most fitting to call the style by the term used by its most famous detractor. Now that we’ve looked back on the rich history of graphic design, it’s perhaps prudent to ask how designers can prepare for the future. MacPaint paved the way for many innovations that today form the basis of programs such as Photoshop—which was also, incidentally, launched on a Mac in 1990. Photoshop, a graphics editing software, made it possible for anyone to manipulate images and make professional designs. However, basic programs like Microsoft Paint made graphic design more available to the masses. Modernism represented a utopian vision of human life, society, and a belief in progress.

Creative & Inspiring Earth Day Poster Ideas

By 1984, Apple introduced the Macintosh computer, featuring a user-friendly interface and programs such as MacPaint, the world’s first widely available freeform bitmap painting program. Minimalism is universal and can be used for all businesses and any marketing materials. It teaches your customers to read between the lines and think more deeply about your brand’s message. Emerging in the 1920s and 1930s, Art Deco celebrated industrialization and innovations to such an extent that some called it the near–fetishization of the machine. Moholy-Nagy was known for darkroom experimentation, utilizing photograms and exploring light to create abstract elements through distortion, shadow and skewed lines, similar to the works of Man Ray though conceived separately from them. Hungarian artist László Moholy-Nagy arrived at the school in 1923 to teach preliminary classes and run a metal workshop, but his real passion was for photography.

There was a continuous shift to a digital-first mindset, with many trading in their SONY Discmans for the first Apple iPods. Photoshop was the fuel behind the original iPod ads, which became one of the most defining campaigns of this generation. Whether it was cropping and slicing or color-correcting and drawing, Photoshop improved design efficiency and provided useful tools for digital artists. For example, in the iconic iPod ads, the precisely traced silhouettes of the people and the iPod were made possible due to the pen tool. Those with some expertise can go further and fine tune that by recognizing the artist within the movement.

That’s not meant to sound patronizing; it’s just to show how simply and effectively we can take something as large and abstract as a movement, find a place for it (categorizing it), and then think about or discuss it (labeling it). Or, in a co-creation session, you could take the various movements of art and use specimens of each for the participants to work on their creations. You could, for example, use the image above to frame a design conversation with your client, manager or colleagues. Images tell a thousand words, and it’s a nice, light piece – a fun way to help you talk about design. Experimentation is essential in the experience economy, with the goal to immerse all the senses by indulging people with surprise, delight and wonderment to distract them from the challenges and business of real life. In place of a conveyor belt of products, consumers are increasingly hungry for experiences that challenge and immerse the senses.

The young artist blacked out the windows of a room, while allowing light to pass through cut openings in the structure. This evolved into increasingly sophisticated installations composed of illusory shapes created by artificial, projected light, and marks the beginning of his life-long preoccupation with the perceptual effects of light and dark. One famous early work, titled Afrum, Pale Pink (1967), consists of what first appears to be a glowing cube, suspended in the corner of a room, but is an optical illusion created by projected light. The composition of this white painting contains a subtle grid, its faint lines, as if cast by shadows and light, receding and advancing into view.